Post-Surgical Intraventricular Dissemination of Aspergillus Infection: A Case Report and Literature Review

Invasive intracranial aspergillosis is a rare disease with high morbidity and mortality that occurs most commonly in immunosuppressed patients. However, intracranial Aspergillus infections have also been reported in immunocompetent hosts after brain trauma or neurosurgery. Neurosurgical intervention combined with aggressive antifungal treatment is effective in treating cerebral aspergillus granuloma or abscess, and recurrent abscess in situ is the most frequently reported complication after surgical debridement. Here, we describe a 39-year-old male who developed an intracranial aspergillus abscess after a posterior fossa craniectomy following brain trauma. Aspergillus infection disseminated intraventricularly after surgical debridement. Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunting surgery in conjunction with anti-fungal medications was used to successfully treat the ventriculitis.